The results are as follows:

I have tried convex hull but its effect is not what I want. What I want is a way to fit the outline of the small island around the data point like the picture I uploaded.
Have a look at
Or alternatively d3-contour:
Thank you very much for your answer, it has inspired me how to solve this problem
I also found this more relevant to my needs.
Nice! Note that this link is an unchanged fork of Fil’s notebook @fil/alpha-shapes:
Excellent thread! Thank you all!